Photograph

What is Photograph... ?

A photograph is the art and science of capturing images by recording light either electronically or chemically .

PHOTOGRAPHY DEFINITION 

Photography is the practice of capturing images using light. This is achieved with an electronic method using an image sensor or chemical processes using light-sensitive materials like photographic film.

The medium used in art journalism and everyday communication .

HISTORY OF PHOTOGRAPH 

The history of photography through different eras is as follows.

History of photography, method of recording the image of an object through the action of light, or related radiation, on a light-sensitive material. The word, derived from the Greek photos (“light”) and graphein (“to draw”), was first used in the 1830s.

      Origin of the word  -  Greek Terms

       Photos                    -  Light 

       Graph                     -  Drawing

Nicéphore Niépce's 1826 "View from the Window at Le Gras" and evolved through the daguerreotype and calotype processes, leading to the development of film and, ultimately, digital photography. 

Early Concepts:

 The "camera obscura" (dark room) principle was known for centuries.

19th Century Origins:

• Nicéphore Niépce (1820s):

 Created the first permanent photograph.

• Louis Daguerre (1830s): 

Introduced the "daguerreotype," making photography more practical.

• William Henry Fox Talbot (1840s): 

Pioneered the negative-positive process, allowing for multiple prints.

• George Eastman/Kodak (late 1800s): 

Made photography accessible to the masses with roll film. 

20th Century Developments:

• Advancements in color photography and 35mm film.
• Digital Revolution (late 20th/21st centuries):
• Digital technology transformed photography, making it easier and more widespread.

Photographic process

The photographic process allows an image to be reproduced using light.This process has developed over many years to now enable mass production and sharing of images through magazines, posters, fine art pictures, advertising etc.

Photographic techniques include traditional (analogue) photography, digital photography and camera-less photography.

Traditional photography 

uses light-sensitive film negatives and light-sensitive paper to create an image

Digital photography 

saves images as files that can be manipulated on a computer.

Using a camera on its manual setting instead of in automatic mode lets the user change the change  the aperture ,focus and shutter speed which gives more control over the photograph .

Photography Genres (Type of Photograph)

There are many different genres of photography including.

1.  Landscape photograph
2. Portrait photography
3. Macro photography
4. Documentary photography
5. Fashion photography
6. Drone photography
7. Commercial photography
8. Wedding photography
9. Street photography
10. Black and white photography
11. Flower photography

Specific skills are needed for each genre.

 01.Landscape photography

Landscape photography shows the spaces of the natural world. Typically, this is the vast, grand, unending views that do.

02.Portrait photography

Portrait photography, or portraiture, is a type of photography aimed toward capturing the personality of a person or group of people by using effective.

03.Macro photography

Macro photography is all about showcasing a subject larger than it is in real life — an extreme close-up of something small. 

04.Documentary photography

Documentary photography is a style of photography that provides a straightforward and accurate representation of people, places, objects.

05.Fashion photography

Fashion photography is a genre of photography that portrays clothing and other fashion items. This sometimes includes haute couture garments.

06.Drone photography

Drone photography helps capture stunning images from a bird's-eye view.

07.Commercial photography

Commercial photography is the use of photography to promote a good, service, company or event that consumers purchase into .

08.Wedding photography

Wedding photography is a specialized genre that focuses on capturing the essence, emotions, and moments of a couple's wedding day.

09.Street photography

Street photography is photography conducted for art or inquiry that features unmediated chance encounters and random incidents within public places. 

10.Black and white photography

Black and white photography is recording images in a range of tones, from black through to white. 

11.Flower photography

Flower photography doesn't necessarily have to be about capturing the entire flower in a

The Role of light In Photograph 

Lighting is a key factor in creating a successful image. Lighting determines not only brightness and darkness, but also tone, mood, and atmosphere. Therefore, it is necessary to control and manipulate light correctly in order to get the best texture, vibrancy of colour, and luminosity on your subjects.

Creating Contrast and Dimension:

Light and shadow work together to create depth, form, and texture in a photograph. The interplay of light and shadow can highlight details, draw attention to specific areas, and guide the viewer's eye. 

Atmosphere and Mood:

The way light is used can significantly impact the overall mood and atmosphere of a photograph.

Exposure and Brightness:

Light determines the exposure of an image, which is the amount of light that reaches the camera sensor. 

Color and Tone:

Light also plays a crucial role in how colors are perceived in a photograph. Different types of light, like natural light or artificial light, can affect the vibrancy and accuracy of colors. 

Technique and Creativity:

Photographers can use various techniques to manipulate light, such as using reflectors, filters, or different lighting setups, to achieve specific artistic effects. 

Examples:

> Side lighting: Creates dramatic shadows and emphasizes textures. 

> Backlighting: Can create a soft, ethereal glow. 

> Front lighting: Highlights details and provides even illumination. 

> Rim light:Creates a glowing outline or highlight around the subject, distinguishing it from the background